If the fertilizer is applied improperly in greenhouse vegetables, it will not only lead to soil compaction, but also cause vegetable fertilizer damage, and it will also cause the nitrate and nitrite content of vegetables to exceed the standard and endanger human health. Therefore, in the greenhouse vegetable production, we must be careful to apply fertilizer and scientific fertilization. Scientific fertilization of greenhouse vegetables should pay attention to the following problems:
1. Farmyard manure should be decomposed. When using greenhouse fertilizers, greenhouse vegetables should be fully decomposed. Because there are no pathogens and eggs in the decomposed farmyard fertilizer, it is easy to spread the disease after application. In addition, if the farmyard manure is placed in a greenhouse and then decomposed, ammonia burning seedlings will be produced.
2, the fertilization method should be scientific and reasonable. The bottom fertilizer should be applied a week before the vegetable planting, and should be mixed evenly with the soil. Topdressing can be carried out in a ditch or a hole at a distance of 7-10 cm from the plant. After topdressing, it is necessary to cover the soil and water it in time. Do not spread the fertilizer directly on the ground or plants to prevent the fertilizer from volatilizing or burning vegetable seedlings. The top dressing should be carried out at the peak of the fertilizer required for vegetables and in the later stage of vegetable growth. It is best to choose it on a cloudy or evening day. Spray the fertilizer on the back of the new leaves and leaves as much as possible to facilitate the absorption of the vegetables.
3, fertilizer application should be appropriate amount of fertilizer in the greenhouse is not easy to lose, excessive application of chemical fertilizers, can cause soil salt concentration increase, resulting in soil salinization. To control nitrogen fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The nitrogen fertilizers that need to be banned or limitedly applied are nitrate nitrogen, such as ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, phosphorus nitrate, and compound fertilizers containing nitrate nitrogen. In the management of greenhouse vegetables, increase the ventilation time and enhance the light intensity, which can reduce the nitrate content of vegetables. It is not advisable to apply chlorinated fertilizers such as potassium chloride or ammonium chloride. Chloride ion can reduce the starch content in vegetables, making the quality worse, and residual soil in the soil is easy to cause soil compaction. It is necessary to apply magnesium sulfate and ammonium sulfate fertilizers in a limited amount. Because sulfate ions are not easily absorbed by vegetables, they remain in the soil and endanger the growth of vegetables. In addition, a limited amount of ammonium bicarbonate is applied, which is easily caused by ammonia volatilization.
3, the application of micro-fertilizer to the appropriate amount of trace element fertilizer on the vegetable demand is small, but its role in vegetable metabolism is very large, can greatly improve the quality of vegetables. Currently used micro-fertilizers include boron, molybdenum, zinc, iron fertilizer, and the like. Micro-fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and can also be used for seed dressing, soaking seeds or top dressing. The range between the amount of micro-fertilizer and the excess is relatively narrow, so the dosage must be accurate to avoid causing damage.
4, control the concentration of plant growth regulators using plant growth regulators (such as gibberellin, ethephon, paclobutrazol, etc.), will promote the growth of vegetables, but each regulator has a certain application Conditions and scope, especially to master the time and concentration of use, otherwise not only can not achieve the effect of increasing the yield of vegetables, and people will be harmful to their health for a long time.
5. Vigorously promote bio-organic compound fertilizer Bio-fertilizer contains microbial activated bacteria, which is a "four-in-one" fertilizer composed of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and synergist, which realizes the scientific formula of various fertilizers. Complementary advantages and mutual benefits are one of the best fertilizers for balanced fertilization of greenhouse vegetables.
6. Apply vegetable-specific fertilizer as much as possible. Under the premise of formula fertilization, promote vegetable-specific compound fertilizer. The special fertilizer is determined according to the fertilizer characteristics of different vegetables and the soil fertilization status. The nutrients are more complete, the nutrition is more scientific, the formula is more reasonable, and the pertinence is stronger. After application, the yield and quality of greenhouse vegetables can be significantly improved.
Huaxian Agricultural Technology Promotion Center Lu Shuguang
1. Farmyard manure should be decomposed. When using greenhouse fertilizers, greenhouse vegetables should be fully decomposed. Because there are no pathogens and eggs in the decomposed farmyard fertilizer, it is easy to spread the disease after application. In addition, if the farmyard manure is placed in a greenhouse and then decomposed, ammonia burning seedlings will be produced.
2, the fertilization method should be scientific and reasonable. The bottom fertilizer should be applied a week before the vegetable planting, and should be mixed evenly with the soil. Topdressing can be carried out in a ditch or a hole at a distance of 7-10 cm from the plant. After topdressing, it is necessary to cover the soil and water it in time. Do not spread the fertilizer directly on the ground or plants to prevent the fertilizer from volatilizing or burning vegetable seedlings. The top dressing should be carried out at the peak of the fertilizer required for vegetables and in the later stage of vegetable growth. It is best to choose it on a cloudy or evening day. Spray the fertilizer on the back of the new leaves and leaves as much as possible to facilitate the absorption of the vegetables.
3, fertilizer application should be appropriate amount of fertilizer in the greenhouse is not easy to lose, excessive application of chemical fertilizers, can cause soil salt concentration increase, resulting in soil salinization. To control nitrogen fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The nitrogen fertilizers that need to be banned or limitedly applied are nitrate nitrogen, such as ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, phosphorus nitrate, and compound fertilizers containing nitrate nitrogen. In the management of greenhouse vegetables, increase the ventilation time and enhance the light intensity, which can reduce the nitrate content of vegetables. It is not advisable to apply chlorinated fertilizers such as potassium chloride or ammonium chloride. Chloride ion can reduce the starch content in vegetables, making the quality worse, and residual soil in the soil is easy to cause soil compaction. It is necessary to apply magnesium sulfate and ammonium sulfate fertilizers in a limited amount. Because sulfate ions are not easily absorbed by vegetables, they remain in the soil and endanger the growth of vegetables. In addition, a limited amount of ammonium bicarbonate is applied, which is easily caused by ammonia volatilization.
3, the application of micro-fertilizer to the appropriate amount of trace element fertilizer on the vegetable demand is small, but its role in vegetable metabolism is very large, can greatly improve the quality of vegetables. Currently used micro-fertilizers include boron, molybdenum, zinc, iron fertilizer, and the like. Micro-fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and can also be used for seed dressing, soaking seeds or top dressing. The range between the amount of micro-fertilizer and the excess is relatively narrow, so the dosage must be accurate to avoid causing damage.
4, control the concentration of plant growth regulators using plant growth regulators (such as gibberellin, ethephon, paclobutrazol, etc.), will promote the growth of vegetables, but each regulator has a certain application Conditions and scope, especially to master the time and concentration of use, otherwise not only can not achieve the effect of increasing the yield of vegetables, and people will be harmful to their health for a long time.
5. Vigorously promote bio-organic compound fertilizer Bio-fertilizer contains microbial activated bacteria, which is a "four-in-one" fertilizer composed of organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and synergist, which realizes the scientific formula of various fertilizers. Complementary advantages and mutual benefits are one of the best fertilizers for balanced fertilization of greenhouse vegetables.
6. Apply vegetable-specific fertilizer as much as possible. Under the premise of formula fertilization, promote vegetable-specific compound fertilizer. The special fertilizer is determined according to the fertilizer characteristics of different vegetables and the soil fertilization status. The nutrients are more complete, the nutrition is more scientific, the formula is more reasonable, and the pertinence is stronger. After application, the yield and quality of greenhouse vegetables can be significantly improved.
Huaxian Agricultural Technology Promotion Center Lu Shuguang
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