Zinc Oxide Arrester Property Tester Manufacturer Talks about Installation Method of Zinc Oxide Arrester
The metal oxide surge arrester should be installed on the 10kV side of the distribution transformer. The closer it is to the transformer, the better the protection is. Generally, it is required to be installed inside the drop fuse. The residual voltage of the arrester must be less than the withstand voltage of the distribution transformer in order to effectively protect the distribution transformer. The grounding point of the arrester should be directly connected to the metal housing of the distribution transformer. Do not allow the arrester to be grounded independently by the down conductor. This is because the residual voltage of the arrester is only 17kV to 50kV. That is, the equivalent resistance under the impact is only 3.4Ω~10Ω. However, an independent grounded grounding resistance may be about 10Ω, and rural mountainous areas may even be larger. Then, when the lightning current flows, the potential may be relatively high. If the lightning arrester is grounded independently, the two are superimposed and added to the transformer. It may cause damage to the transformer insulation. If the grounding point of the arrester is directly connected to the metal shell of the transformer, the potential will not act on the insulation of the transformer, so the insulation of the transformer is relatively safe. But at this time, the potential of the transformer metal case will be very high (equal to IR), and the reverse voltage from the transformer metal case to the low voltage side may occur. Therefore, the neutral point on the low voltage side must also be connected to the metal case of the transformer. This connection is called three points (the grounding terminal of the high-voltage arrester, the neutral point of the low-voltage winding, and the metal casing of the transformer). When the transformer capacity is 100kVA and above, the grounding resistance should be reduced to less than 4Ω as much as possible; when the transformer capacity is less than 100kVA, the grounding resistance can reach 10Ω or less. When the three points are grounded together, when the high-voltage side falls and the arrester discharges, the residual voltage of the arrester is borne by the transformer insulation, and the voltage drop on the grounding device does not act on the insulation of the transformer. This protects the transformer. It is advantageous to reduce the risk of insulation breakdown between the high voltage windings of the high voltage windings and the transformer metal housing. In order to prevent the voltage rise of the neutral point of the low voltage side of the transformer from affecting the safety of the user, an auxiliary grounding wire (repeated grounding) can be installed near the user.
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The transformer thus protected will also have some lightning accidents during operation. This is due to the fact that the general distribution transformer is not equipped with a low-voltage arrester on the low voltage side. At this time, not only the low-voltage side damage but also the high-voltage side damage will occur. There are three damage mechanisms:
(1) Thunder strikes low-voltage lines or low-voltage lines and suffers from induced lightning, causing damage to the low-voltage side insulation.
(2) The high-voltage side insulation is damaged by the lightning strike on the low-voltage side. This is because at this time, through the electromagnetic coupling, an overvoltage proportional to the transformer turns ratio (positive conversion process) will occur on the high-voltage side winding, due to the insulation of the high-voltage side. The degree is smaller than the low-voltage side, so it may cause damage to the high-voltage side insulation.
(3) The lightning strikes the high-voltage line or the high-voltage line and suffers an induced lightning. At this time, the arrester moves and a voltage drop occurs in the grounding resistance. This pressure drop will act on the neutral side of the low voltage side, and the outlet side of the low voltage side will correspond to the grounding of the wire wave resistance of the wire. Therefore, most of the high potential generated on the ground wire is added to the low voltage side outlet wire.
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