There is a crack between the coating and the substrate, indicating that hydrogen permeation has occurred during pickling before electrolysis and when the cathode is de-oiled. The bolts are not thoroughly cleaned when they are out of the groove; the coating is rough and impure, indicating that there are too many metal impurities in the electrolyte, especially due to excessive iron content. Black streaks in the coating are also caused by improper handling.
In order to avoid the occurrence of hydrogen embrittlement, the last process of electroplating zinc is to remove the hydrogen, and the hydrogen brittle fracture of the bolt is broken, indicating that the hydrogen removal treatment is not complete. It can be seen that there is a big problem in the galvanizing process. The influence of the processing factors of the quick-freezing cold storage machine has many cracks on the surface of the bolt, and most of them are along the direction of the furrow generated by machining. The machining defects form a crack source, which is one of the main reasons for reducing the quality of the coating and the strength of the bolt. The reason for the bolt breakage is the hydrogen permeation phenomenon caused by the pickling of the bolt before electrolysis, the electric discharge of the cathode, and the electroplating process. In particular, the surface defects of the bolt formed by the heat treatment and machining process catalyze the progress of the hydrogen permeation process and aggravate the stress concentration. In the subsequent dehydrogenation treatment, the partial hydrogen content of the bolt is too large, resulting in sudden hydrogen embrittlement fracture during operation. The galvanized layer is impure, the structure is not uniform, and the tempering is insufficient, which also accelerates the breakage of the bolt.
N-BK7 Ball Lenses are glass spheres commonly used in fiber optic applications, ball lenses are ideal for focusing light into optical fibers, or for fiber coupling. Fused Silica features high transmission from 200nm to 2.2μm with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, making it ideal for the most demanding ball lens applications in the ultraviolet, visible, and near infrared spectra.
Ball lenses are commonly used for improving signal coupling between fibers, emitters, and detectors, as well as objective lenses in endoscopy and bar-code scanning applications. Half-ball lenses simplify handling and integration.
Ball Lens Half-Ball Lens
Specification of our ball lens:
*Material:BK7 or other optical glasses,optical crystal materials
*Diameter:1mm - 40mm
*Dimension Tolerance:+/-0.005mm
*Surface Quality:40-20
*Sphericity:0.005mm
*Coating:optional
Schott Bk7 Ball Lens,Bk7 Ball Lenses,Schott N-Bk7 Glass Ball Lens,Schott Bk7 Half Ball Lens
China Star Optics Technology Co.,Ltd. , https://www.realpoooptics.com