Cooling electronic devices (superconducting filters, infrared detectors, nuclear radiation detectors, etc.) in many high-tech applications require highly efficient, compact, ultra-low-vibration, micro-low-temperature refrigeration technology, using linear pressure wave generators to drive pulse tube cooling Or free-piston Stirling refrigeration is currently the focus of international research and development.
Recently, a new structure and new camera technology developed by the Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Zhongke Lixin (Shenzhen) Thermoacoustic Technology Co., Ltd. achieved a breakthrough in cooling efficiency in the cryogenic refrigeration technology of the liquid nitrogen temperature range. . The technology uses counter-compressor drive pulse tube refrigeration, but the pulse tube's phase modulation mechanism uses an opposed room-temperature ejector phase modulation mechanism instead of the phased structure of a conventional inertial tube refueling library. Its unique advantages are: The pressure wave and velocity wave phase of the warm end of the vessel can be freely adjusted, and the sound work of the hot end of the vessel can be recovered. At the same time, the structure is more compact (no inertial tube and gas reservoir).
Based on this principle, Wang Xiaotao and others of the physical and chemical research group Luo Ercang carried out in-depth mechanism analysis and thermodynamic optimization of the refrigeration system of the new structure, and cooperated with Zhongkeli letter (Shenzhen) Thermoacoustic Technology Co., Ltd. Li Haibing and other staff performed ingenious design of the mechanical structure based on thermodynamic optimization. The newly developed coaxial cryogenic refrigeration prototype obtained a 38.5K no-load temperature and achieved 26.4W at a liquid nitrogen temperature (80K). The cooling power consumes an electric power of 290 W, and its relative Carnot efficiency reaches a super high efficiency of 24.2%. At the same time, due to the double opposing structure of the linear motor and the room temperature ejector, the vibration of the system is extremely small, which maintains the advantages of low vibration of the conventional vascular tube.
Previously, many well-known international research institutions and internationally renowned cryogenic refrigerator companies such as NIST in the United States, Sunpower in the United States, Thales in Europe, Leybold, and Ricor in Israel have developed coaxial vascular low-power refrigerators. The relative Carnot efficiency is generally around 15%, and the efficiency of Sunpower's free piston Stirling refrigerator (also a coaxial structure) in the United States does not exceed 20%.
Luo Hongcang research team developed a coaxial vessel with a relative carnot efficiency of 18.5% in 2010 (JYHu, W.Dai, EC Luo, et al, Development of high efficiency Stirling-type pulse tube cryocoolers, Cryogenics (2010) , 50(9): 603-607), is the highest efficiency in the development of coaxial vessels. Coaxially-structured micro-miniature cryogenic refrigerators facilitate the coupling and practical use of cryocoolers and low-temperature electronics. Therefore, the new achievements made by the Institute of Physics and Chemistry of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhongli Lixin Company have further established China's leading position in the research and development of micro cryogenic refrigerators, and will further promote the widespread application of micro-scale cryogenic refrigeration technology.
Relevant results were published in AIP Advances, a journal created by the American Physical Society (Xiaotao Wang, Yibing Zhang), Haibing Li (æŽæµ·å†°), Wei Dai (戴å·), Shuai Chen (陈帅), Gang Lei (é›·) Gang) and Ercang Luo, A high efficiency hybrid Stirling-pulse tube cryocooler, AIP Advances 5, 037127 (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4915900).
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