Rice field is one of the main technical measures to increase yield and promote early maturity in rice.
The main role of the field
1. Control invalid branches and consolidate effective tillers.
When rice tillers have reached a certain amount, that is, enough seedlings, our province is from the end of June to the end of June, the effective tillering period, the early tillering can be spiked, and the splitting after the termination period can not be spiked or only spikelets. In the production, the method of drying the field can make the high-level young tiller buds not get the water and fertilizer supply and stop growing, reduce the nutrient consumption, so that the main stem and the big tiller can get more nutrient supply, and lay a good foundation for the strong stalk and big ear. .
2. Improve the soil environment and enhance root activity.
After transplanting, the field maintains a certain water layer for a long time before the drying of the field, resulting in poor aeration in the soil of the plough layer, inhibition of aerobic microbial activity; slow decomposition of organic matter, which is not conducive to root growth. Through the drying of the field, the atmosphere can directly enter the tillage layer, which enhances the permeability in the soil, improves the soil structure, and increases the oxygen content in the plough layer. After the drying of the field, the number of new roots increased, which promoted the extension of the root system, expanded the range of root activity, and enhanced the absorption capacity.
3. Coordinate vegetative growth and reproductive growth.
Through the drying of the field, the level of nitrogen metabolism can be lowered, the growth rate of vegetative growth can be controlled, the ability of carbon metabolism can be improved, and the accumulation of carbohydrates can be promoted. At the same time, the internode growth is also inhibited. The length of the first and second internodes of the rice stem becomes shorter, the stalk wall becomes thicker, and the stem tissue is tighter. Therefore, the ability of the plant to resist lodging is also enhanced, and the rice ear is also Provide more nutrient sources in the early stages of differentiation. After rehydration, more carbohydrates are transferred from the stems and sheaths to the young panicles, which promotes the development of young panicles. The rice is transformed from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, which satisfies the supply of nutrients for the growth and development of young panicles. Lay the foundation.
4. Reduce field temperature and inhibit pests and diseases.
The occurrence and spread of many diseases and insect pests in rice are directly related to the temperature and humidity between rice plants. For example, the relative humidity of rice blast in the field is more than 90% suitable for the propagation and invasion of pathogens. Bacterial blight is severely affected by a relative humidity of more than 70% in the field. Rice leaf miners and aphid mites, etc., require high humidity conditions when they hatch and damage eggs. The drying of the field reduces the air humidity between the clusters, improves the microclimate environment in the field, destroys the propagation and propagation conditions of the bacteria and eggs, and inhibits the occurrence and damage of pests and diseases.
Sun drying time and method
1. The drying field should generally be carried out at the end of the tillering period.
Too early in the field, affecting the production and growth of effective tillers, the field is too late, the new tillers grow too fast, delaying the differentiation rate of young ears. For medium-sized splitting, the water should be drained when each hole reaches 25-30.
2. The growth of stems and leaves of rice plants is too strong, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is too much, and the leaves should be heavy and should be re-emerged in the field. On the contrary, the growth of rice plants should be late, light or not.
3, the soil layer is deep and fertile, the rice plant appears to be long, and the leaves are black and should be exposed to the sun and heavy sun.
The soil is thinner, and the poor fertilizer and water retention should be exposed to the sun.
If the clay layer has weak water permeability, it should be exposed to the sun and exposed to the sun;
The water leakage field does not dry.
4. When about one-third of the plants in the field have been allocated, the field should be stopped.
Carry out normal water management to ensure the water demand in the panicle differentiation stage and promote the differentiation and growth of young ears. At this time, it should be properly deep-irrigated to control the water layer at about 5-6 cm.
5, the drying time is generally about 5-10 days, light drying the field, to reach the surface of the seam.
The human feet will not stick to the mud; in the middle of the field, there will be chicken claw cracks on the surface of the field; in the field of heavy sun, the white roots should be exposed, the leaves will fade, and the leaves will be straight.
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