The main reason for the occurrence of raspberry malformation is poor pollination and fertilization, but its degree of occurrence is related to factors such as variety, flower level, flower visiting insects, temperature and humidity, and flowering. Therefore, the following countermeasures should be considered mainly to prevent the occurrence of strawberry malformation in production.
The allocation of suitable pollination varieties due to the presence of male and female differences in strawberries, should choose a variety of pollen varieties for pollination varieties, mixed with the main varieties. Baojiao Zaosheng, Chunxiang and other varieties are rich in pollen. In the greenhouse of Yantai, the main variety is Baojiao early birth, and the pollination varieties are Chunxiang, Fengxiang, etc. The proportion of pollinated varieties accounts for 5%~10%, which can effectively reduce the rate of deformed fruit.
The strawberry planted in the beehive protection area in the shed is early in flowering, and there are few insect-seeking insects in the early stage. Therefore, it is best to place the beehive in the protected area. This method has been widely adopted in Japan and works well. Bees fly at a distance of typically 400 meters. The visit time is from 8 to 9 am to 3 to 4 pm, and the activity temperature range is generally 15 to 30 °C. Other flower-seeking insects should also be protected and utilized.
Control temperature and humidity flowering should strictly protect the temperature and humidity in the ground. The temperature should be controlled at 20 to 28 °C. It is necessary to release the wind at the right time to cool down and damp. The use of a drop-free film prevents the effects of water droplets. Drip irrigation can effectively reduce the humidity of the air inside the protected area. As long as the surface is not dry during the flowering period, there is generally no need for irrigation.
Thinning and thinning of fruits can easily lead to high-grade secondary flowers of females, which can significantly reduce the rate of strawberry malformation, and is conducive to concentration of nutrients, increase single fruit weight and fruit quality.
Reduce the number of medications to protect the pests and diseases of strawberry protection should adopt comprehensive measures based on agricultural control, try not to use drugs or less drugs. If the pests and diseases are more serious, you should pay attention to the medication before or after flowering.
Artificial pollination was carried out at the peak of anther cracking at 11 to 12 noon, and artificial breeze (using a fan, etc.) was used for artificially assisted pollination, which also had good effects.
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