Anaerobic fermentation to prepare biogas technology has shown its irreplaceability in alleviating energy shortages, optimizing energy structure, reducing environmental pollution, coping with climate change, alleviating rural issues, promoting urbanization, developing circular economy, and building ecological civilization. The role. However, at the technical level, it is difficult to obtain a relatively high raw material gas production rate and pool capacity gas production rate with single raw materials and low-load anaerobic fermentation, which has limited the economic profitability of biogas projects. The anaerobic fermentation of mixed raw materials can improve raw material properties and nutritional structure, and increase raw material gas production rate; high-load anaerobic fermentation can significantly increase the pool capacity gas production rate, but the higher load will reduce the raw material gas production rate. The contradictory relationship. Moreover, the anaerobic fermentation system under high load conditions is susceptible to acidification instability, resulting in instability or even collapse of the fermentation system.
Li Dong, a research fellow at the Liu Xiaofeng Research Group of the Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, worked to balance the raw material gas production rate and the pool capacity gas production rate to achieve both efficiency and stability of the anaerobic fermentation system, from process optimization, inhibition mechanism, biological enhancement, In four aspects of instability control, high-load mixed anaerobic fermentation to prepare biogas technology research has been made, and progress has been made at the present stage.
On the aspect of technology, through the ratio of mixed fermentation raw materials and the evaluation of gas production efficiency and stability under different organic load conditions, the ratio of raw materials and organic loading ratio of anaerobic fermentation system and raw material gas production rate under re-conditions were obtained. In terms of inhibition mechanism, through the monitoring of intermediate metabolites and liquid phase factors in the fermentation system and analysis of metabolic pathways, the causes of inhibition of high-load anaerobic fermentation under conditions of different raw materials were identified and constructed. Inhibition area distribution map; In terms of biological enhancement, through the anaerobic fermentation system of the limiting steps / factor analysis, the use of mutual propionic acid + butyric acid oxidizing bacteria, mutual acetic acid oxidizing bacteria + acid and acid resistant methanogens combination strategy Enhance the slower rate-limiting steps in the anaerobic fermentation process, and eliminate the inhibition of the acidified anaerobic fermentation system; In the aspect of instability control, select the indicators that have the instability early warning function and optimize the integration through a single index. Coupling indicators, an early-warning model for high-load anaerobic fermentation instability was constructed, and a set of control strategies for stable fermentation with high loads was initially explored.
The research results were published in Bioresource Technology magazine with the title of effects of substance ratio and organic loading rate on the anaerobic mesophilic co-digestion of rice straw and cow manure.
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, the National Science and Technology Support Program, and the important orientation projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
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