In recent years, the feeding of rural livestock has changed from roughage to concentrate (grain). In order to make full use of the concentrate to maximize its effectiveness, the concentrate must be prepared. Several modulation methods are described below.
First, crushing and crushing
Various cereal feeds, such as barley, corn, sorghum, etc., especially hard-shelled cereals, must be crushed or crushed prior to feeding. Because these hard-shelled grains are generally not completely digested in the digestive tract of livestock, many grains are discharged with the feces, causing waste.
After being crushed or crushed, not only the livestock is easy to chew, but also the contact area between the nutrients in the feed and the digestive juice is increased, the digestibility is improved, and it is also convenient to be mixed with other feeds. The degree of mashing of the feed should be based on the type of livestock.
Second, soaking
Soaking modulation method is generally applicable to oil cake concentrates. The soaked feed is easy to chew and digest, especially for pigs and poultry. The water in the soaked feed contains a variety of nutrients and should be fed together in the feed.
Third, cooking and roasting
The two methods of cooking and roasting are suitable for bean feed. After cooking and roasting, the utilization of protein and starch is increased. In addition, roasting can make the feed produce a fragrant smell, improve palatability, increase appetite in the livestock, and increase feed intake.
Fourth, saccharification
Saccharification is suitable for starch-containing feeds, in which the starch is easily converted into dextrin and maltose, and the content can be increased from 1% to 10%. The mashed feed has a sweet taste and the livestock likes to eat.
V. Fermentation
Concentrate fermentation is one of the commonly used modulation methods for raising pigs and raising cows. It mainly uses the microorganisms contained in the feed itself or added yeast to make the feed decompose carbohydrates under appropriate temperature, humidity and air conditions, and produce lactic acid, acetic acid, ethanol, etc., and become a fermented feed with aromatic and slightly sour taste. After the feed is fermented, it can improve palatability, increase digestibility and utilization of crude protein, and increase the content of B vitamins.
After the fermentation of the concentrate, it has a good effect on the health of the livestock and the utilization of the feed.
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