Spring rapeseed field management technical guidance

Since March, the overall temperature in the Yangtze River Basin has been high, and the growth process of rapeseed has accelerated. The flowering period is about one week earlier than normal. At present, most of the rapeseed in the Yangtze River Basin is in the flowering stage, and the upper part has entered the end of the flowering stage, and will be transferred to the mature stage of the pod. The late-stage rapeseed in the downstream area has also entered the initial flowering stage. The flowering and fruiting period is the key period for the formation of rapeseed. The total number of pods, the number of horns and the grain weight are all determined during this period. It is very important to grasp the current field management.

First, scientific application of drugs to prevent pests and diseases. Mainly against sclerotinia and aphids. In the early flowering stage of rapeseed, it is necessary to carry out comprehensive prevention and control of sclerotinia disease. Generally, 50 ml of 25% prochloraz oil, or 40% of sclerotium WP can be used per acre, and 50-75 kg of water is sprayed. Spray as much as possible to the lower and middle parts of the rape stalk to improve the control effect. The severely affected field is treated once every 5-7 days. If conditions permit, the drone or large-scale mechanical spray should be actively promoted to improve the spraying effect and operation efficiency and reduce the cost of prevention. After the spring, the temperature rises rapidly, and the rape aphids are prone to outbreak. Measures should be taken to prevent them. 10 to 10 grams of imidacloprid can be used per acre, and 50 kilograms of water can be sprayed against the water.

The second is foliar spray fertilizer to prevent premature aging. In the flowering stage of rapeseed, combined with the prevention and control of sclerotinia sclerotiorum, foliar spray fertilizer can prolong the functional period of photosynthetic organs, promote the transformation and operation of sugar, and increase the number of pods, increase the number of grains and increase the weight of grains. Foliar spray fertilizer is generally based on phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and boron fertilizer. However, for the field with poor growth and premature aging, it is necessary to cooperate with spraying nitrogen fertilizer. Generally, 100-150 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 150-200 g of urea, 50-100 g of quick-acting boron fertilizer, and even spray 50-75 kg of water are sprayed per mu. Spray enough water to make the leaves fully wet.

The third is to clear the ditch and prevent it from falling. The green pod period is a key period to prevent the lodging of rapeseed. In particular, live rapeseed should be prevented from lodging due to the thinner stem or affected by waterlogging. For rapeseed fields that are still in flowering period, it is necessary to increase the prevention and control of sclerotinia disease, which can reduce the risk of lodging caused by diseases. In the early spring, some areas of the Yangtze River Basin have increased rainwater. It is necessary to clean up the ditch system early, especially in the rice paddy field. It is also necessary to pay attention to the drainage and prevent cockroaches, and prevent the soil from becoming loose and causing lodging. Large transplanted rapeseed plants can be prevented from lodging by fences and partitions.

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