I. Introduction to UL Certification:
UL is a shorthand for Underwriter Laboratories Inc. The UL Safety Test Institute is the most authoritative in the United States. It is also a large private institution engaged in safety testing and identification in the industry. It is an independent, non-profit professional organization that conducts tests for public safety. It adopts scientific test methods to study and determine the degree of harm and harm to life and property of various materials, devices, products, equipment, construction, etc.; determine, formulate and issue corresponding standards and help reduce and prevent life-threatening Loss of property information, while conducting fact-finding business. In short, it is mainly engaged in product safety certification and business security certification business, and its ultimate goal is to obtain products with a fairly high level of safety for the market, and to contribute to ensuring personal health and property safety. Regarding product safety certification as an effective means to eliminate technical barriers to international trade, UL also plays an active role in promoting the development of international trade.
UL was founded in 1894. In the initial stage, UL was relying on the fire insurance department to provide funds to maintain the movement. Until 1916, UL was completely independent. After nearly a hundred years of development, UL has become a world-renowned certification body. It has a complete set of organizational management systems, standards development and product certification procedures. UL is managed by a board composed of representatives of security experts, government officials, consumers, education, public utilities, insurance, and standards departments. The day-to-day work is handled by the president and vice president. Currently, UL has five laboratories in the United States and is headquartered in Northbrook, a town in northern Chicago. At the same time, UL has set up corresponding laboratories in Taiwan and Hong Kong.
Second, UL certification professional terms:
"AL" LISTING (multiple listed or approved)
AGENT (Acting)
APPEALS PROCEDURE (appeal procedure)
APPENDIX (attached page)
APPLICANT (applicant)
AUTHORIZATION PAGE (authorization page)
CATEGORY CONTROL NUMBER (Category Control Number)
COMPONENT (components)
CONDITION OF ACCEPTABILITY (applicable conditions)
CONTROL NUMBER (control number)
FACTORY IDENTIFICATION (Factory Identity)
FACTORY INSPECTION (factory inspection)
"AL" LISTING, CLASSIFICATION OR RECOGNITION (multiple listing or accreditation) applied by the applicant and authorised to apply for listing or accreditation service AGENT (agent) established in the name of the other party to the applicant (listed in the celebrity) Person's entrustment, individual or company engaged in activities with UL in the name of the applicant APPEALS PROCEDURE If the customer has different opinions on the results of the engineering test or follow-up inspection, it can discuss with the relevant engineer or field representative. And don't worry about jeopardizing later conclusions. If a satisfactory answer cannot be obtained at this level, the client can appeal to the higher level until the president.
Part of the APPENDIX (attached pages) specification, which includes the responsibilities of the factory and on-site representatives and the requirements for related tests. It may also describe tests performed on samples sent to UL.
APPLICANT (Applicant) A company or individual that applies to UL for testing of its parts, products, or systems. Legally, this party will be responsible for testing and tracking the cost of the service and have the right to all information related to the results of the test. See also agent.
AUTHORIZATION PAGE (archiving page) is archived on the first page of the inspection service factory inspection details to authorize the corresponding follow-up inspection service (L class or R class) and permitted certification mark CATEGORY CONTROL NUMBER (CCN) (category control number) UL Character representations for different product categories in column names, approvals, and classification services. Such as AVLV2 said electronic line; QOWZ said portable lamps. In general, XXXX is a listed product, XXXX2 is an approved product, XXXX7 is a listed product that meets Canadian standards, and XXXX8 is an approved product that meets Canadian standards.
Part of a COMPONENT product, in addition to participating in the testing of the entire product as part of a complete product, needs to individually test its performance and/or structure. Parts can be column names, approved or non-listed parts.
CONDITION OF ACCEPTABILITY These items are listed in the report of approved or non-listed parts, but are not used as inspection evidence for on-site representatives. These items are based on the results of the tests and indicate the limitations and conditions for the use of the part and the complete product. For example, in the report of a switch, it may be specified in the "applicable conditions" that the product is only suitable for currents below 1A or temperatures below 125C.
CONTROL NUMBER One of the four possible components of the UL Accreditation mark, specified by UL. Depending on the product category and the type of tracking service, the control number may change periodically.
FACTORY IDENTIFICATION An identification mark used by a manufacturer who produces the same product in different factories to distinguish between which factory a certain product was produced.
FACTORY INSPECTION (factory inspection)
Third, UL certification service project:
UL's product certification, testing services can be divided into categories, recognition and classification.
1) Listed (listed): In general, the column name is only applicable to the complete product and the various devices and devices that a qualified person can replace or install at the site. The various products that belong to UL Listed Services include: Household Appliances , Medical equipment, computers, commercial equipment, and various electrical products that function in buildings, such as distribution systems, fuses, wires, switches, and other electrical components. UL listed products are usually marked on each product with UL's listing. The use of column names.
2) Recognized: Recognized service is a project in UL service. The products it authenticates can only be used as components and raw materials in UL listing, grading, or other approved products. The approved product is not structurally complete or has certain limitations in its use to ensure that the desired safety performance is achieved. In most cases, the tracking service for approved products falls into category R. Approved products belonging to Class L include electronic wire (AVLV2), processed wire (ZKLU2), wire harness (ZPFW2), aluminum wire (DVVR2), and metal flexible tube (DXUZ2). Approved products require approval marks.
3) Classification: The classification service only evaluates specific hazards of the product, or evaluates products that perform other standards than the UL standard (including internationally recognized standards such as IEC and ISO standards, etc.). In general, most graded products are not consumer products but industrial or commercial products. The rating mark in the UL mark indicates that the product has certain restrictions and stipulated ranges when it is UL-approved. For example, chemical products such as industrially used solvents are evaluated only for the range of fires that may occur when the ignition temperature is reached. Some products have the same grading service and listed services, but generally only evaluate one or more aspects of the product. For example, in the United States, equipment such as medical X-ray diagnostic apparatus is required to comply with US laws and related radiation emission and beam nationwide. Flow accuracy is specified, but since UL only uses X-rays as a graded product, only its mechanical properties, electrical properties, and other non-radiative properties are evaluated.
4) Multiple listings, multiple accreditation or multiple rating services: When a UL applicant obtains the listed, accredited or graded service listed above, its products must be produced in the name of another company to meet the needs of sales, and may apply Multiple listings, multiple accreditation, or multiple rating services, in which case a listed, approved, or rated manufacturer is allowed to use the name of another company in the product list, except that the product is in addition to the company code, product code, or Other characteristics that UL Corporation considers acceptable, must be consistent with the original listed, approved or graded products.
5) "AL" listing, recognition or classification service: If the UL applicant does not wish to obtain listing, accreditation or rating services in the name of his company, he may apply for the name of another firm (usually a retailer or wholesaler). Application for listing, accreditation or rating is called "AL" listing, accreditation or rating service. It differs from multiple listings, multiple accreditation or multiple rating services in that its applicant is not a celebrity.
6) System Certification Services: As a member of the International Accreditation Board, UL has extensively involved in ISO9000 quality system certification, ISO14000 environmental protection certification, QS9000 automotive industry quality system certification and AS9000 aircraft industry quality system certification services. Up to now, 116 factories in China have obtained UL system certification; 21 of them are ISO9001 certified, 85 are ISO 9002 certified, 1 is ISO 14001 certified, and 9 are QS9000 certified.
7) UL's other services: certification services, inspection services, fact judgment services, research services, etc. I will not introduce it here.
Fourth, UL certification process:
Product application for the UL mark includes five steps:
1. The applicant submits a written application for the relevant company and product information: You should request in writing UL's inspection of your company's products. Company Information: Provide detailed and accurate name, address, contact person, zip code, telephone and fax in the following languages.
(a) Applying for a company: A company that submits a product inspection application and is responsible for the cost of all engineering services. (b) Listed companies: Companies listed under the names of various products listed by UL (c) Manufacturing plants: Manufacturers of products and Producers. Product Information: Product data should be provided in English. First determine whether your product belongs to the range of UL testing, consult with our company Hangzhou Ward.
(a) Product Name: Provide the full name of the product.
(b) Product model: List all product models, varieties or classification numbers that need to be tested.
(c) The intended use of the product: for example: homes, offices, factories, coal mines, ships, etc.
(d) Parts List: Details of the parts and models (classification number), rating, and manufacturer's name of the constituent products. For insulating materials, please provide the name of the raw material, for example: GE Polycarbonate, Lexan Type 104. When parts and components have obtained UL certification or recognition, please prove the specific model of the part and indicate its UL file number.
(e) Electrical properties: For electronic and electrical products. Provide electrical schematics (circuit diagrams), electrical performance table.
(f) Structure diagram: For most of the products, the product structure diagram or explosion map, ingredient list, etc. must be provided.
(g) Product photographs, instructions for use, safety, etc., or installation instructions.
2. The person makes a decision based on the supplied product information. When the product data is complete, UL's engineers make the following decisions based on the data: the UL standard on which the experiment is based, the test cost, test time, sample quantity, etc., and notify in writing. You and send the official application form and tracking service agreement to your company. The fee limit specified in the application form is the maximum engineering cost that UL has estimated based on the test item. Without your company's written authorization, the fee limit cannot be exceeded.
3. Apply for company remittance, return the application form, and sign the applicant's signature on the application form and tracking service agreement, and send the form back to UL. At the same time, send the sample via postal bank transfer at the post office or by express delivery. Please give appropriate instructions (such as name and model) for samples submitted. Application forms and samples should be sent separately. For each application, UL will assign a unique project number (Project No.) to indicate the project number and apply for the company's name when remittances, samples, and application forms, so as to facilitate UL inspection.
4. After the product test has received your company's signed application form, remittance, and experimental sample, UL will inform you when the experimental plan is completed. Product testing is generally conducted in UL laboratories in the United States. UL also accepts audited third-party testing data. Experimental samples will be returned or destroyed according to your requirements. If the product test result meets the requirements of the UL standard, UL will issue a Follow Up Service Proccdure test report detailing the test conditions, the samples achieved, the product structure, and the safety signs appropriate for the use of the product. The tracking service specification includes a description of the product and guidance for UL regional inspectors. A copy of the test report is sent to the applicant company, and a copy of the tracking service details is sent to each production facility.
5. The applicant is authorized to use the UL mark. The UL regional inspector in China contacts the production plant for the Initial Production Inspection (IPI). The inspector checks the status of your product and its components in the production line and warehouse. In order to confirm whether the product structure and parts are consistent with the details of the tracking service, if required by the rules, the regional inspectors will also conduct eyewitness experiments. When the inspection results meet the requirements, the applicant is authorized to use the UL mark. Following the IPI, the inspector will visit the factory from time to time to inspect the product structure and conduct eye-catching experiments. The frequency of the inspection is determined by the type of product and the amount of production. Most types of products are inspected at least four times a year. The inspectors' inspection is to Make sure that the product continues to be consistent with UL requirements. Before you plan to change the product structure or components, please notify UL. For minor changes, you do not need to repeat any experiment. UL can quickly modify the tracking service rules so that the inspectors can accept This change. When UL believes that product changes affect its safety performance, it is necessary to request the company to re-submit the samples for necessary testing. The cost of the tracking service is not included in the test fee, and UL will send you an additional invoice for the follow-up inspection service. If the product test results do not meet the UL standard requirements, UL will notify the applicant to explain the existing problems. After the applicant has improved the product design, the product can be re-inspected. You should tell the UL engineer what improvements the product has made so that the decision can be made. Is the procedure for applying for UL certification.
V. UL certification tracking inspection:
As an organic part of UL certification, UL has established a "tracking inspection" system in order to ensure that UL's listing and approved products continue to meet UL's standards and requirements. "Tracking Inspection" is the dispatch of UL's on-site representatives distributed around the world to local factory production sites to perform UL inspections. Its purpose is to check the production process, inspection process and products of the factory against UL's standards and follow-up inspection rules to ensure that the manufacturer's production process, inspection process and products are always in line with UL's requirements.
The basis for follow-up inspection In order to ensure the implementation of UL's "track-and-check" system, UL has signed a "tracking inspection agreement" with the manufacturer. According to the requirements of the "tracking inspection agreement," on-site representatives will be regular, non-preliminary. The factory shall be inspected at the notice, and the factory shall not refuse inspection of the on-site representative for no reason. After the on-site representative arrives at the factory, inspections are mainly conducted according to the "Tracking Inspection Rules." The “Tracking Inspection Rules†was prepared by the UL Engineering Department after testing the submitted samples. This document includes a full description of the product and also includes photographs and instructions. It also stipulates various tests that manufacturing plants often do during production, some of which require 100% of the product, such as pressure tests. Some tests can be carried out by sampling. At the same time, the test items that the on-site representative must check at the factory site inspection are also specified. The on-site representative judges whether the test results are in accordance with the detailed data and regulations of such tests.
Follow-up Inspection Products Classification UL's follow-up inspections are divided into R and L categories. The L-services are mainly used for products related to life safety, such as fire extinguishers, smoke detectors, fire doors and some relatively large-volume products such as electrical equipment, wires and circuit breakers. For products belonging to category L, the manufacturer must directly attach the UL ordering label to the product. R-services are mainly used in electrical equipment such as fans, televisions, hair dryers, ovens and other products that are usually produced with corresponding lines.
Sixth, UL certification inspection rules:
Inspection by a UL inspector is basically a mechanical job. Depending on the product, the inspector's inspections are based on Bulletin, Procedure, FUII (if any, included in the Bylaws), and UL Standards (if required by FUII).
If the inspector visits the factory and the factory is producing UL products or UL products with inventory, the inspector will take samples in one of the following ways:
1. Extract each part from the production line plus a complete product from the warehouse.
2. Extract each part from the warehouse plus the complete product on the production line.
3. Extract the complete product from the warehouse for splitting.
The exact amount of sampling depends on the specification, FUII (Tracking Inspection Indication), SAP (Standard Attachment) or direct orders from UL Laboratories. Inspectors do not necessarily test all products for each inspection, but they will try to check all product categories or models within a year or at least two years.
In general, UL's requirements for factory production systems are not too high. They only require that the instruments and equipment be measured once a year, that the factory's own inspection records be kept, and that there be certain control measures for defective products. During the inspection, the on-site representative (UL inspector) will focus on the product itself, and they will check the structure, parts and assembly of the product on a case-by-case basis. For parts related to product safety, the general rules will specify the requirements for UL certified products, and will specify the manufacturer and model; for the shell, shields and other injection molded parts, the general rules will specify the raw materials and size requirements. The on-site representative will check the UL mark specified in the above items and the detailed rules.
In addition, if the product or the FUII or the standard requires the product to be tested in the field, the on-site representative will ask the factory inspector to do the corresponding tests, and the on-site representative will be witnessed next to it. If the specification also requires sending sample to UL for follow-up testing, the factory shall cooperate with the inspector to make corresponding samples. After the inspector has written the sample tag, provided the address and sealed the sample, the factory sends it to the corresponding UL laboratory.
If the plant the products fully meet the requirements of the appropriate test standard UL, and no other place in violation of tracking service agreement, the inspector will issue tracking test report (Inspection Report); factory representatives after confirming the contents of the report should be accurate Signature; a test is completed. If there is any inconsistency with the inspection standard during the inspection process, the inspector will issue a Variation Notice and take corresponding measures according to the specific circumstances.
For UL products using unlicensed products, the inspector will request the removal of the UL mark; for products that do not meet UL requirements, the inspector will request the factory to remove the UL mark or rework to meet the requirements; if the factory disagrees with the above treatment, Temporarily retain the UL mark, but must stop shipping, the inspector will inform the appropriate laboratory, and the UL will reply to decide whether to retain the UL mark; if only a few minor problems do not affect the product's safety, The inspector will make an interim acceptance decision and report it to the appropriate laboratory; if there are some obvious standard errors, such as typos or unit errors, it will not affect the eligibility of the factory products, but as UL's document processing, Inspectors will also issue change notices. Under normal circumstances, unless it is the responsibility of the UL company, the inspector will ask the factory to explain to the corresponding laboratory the non-conforming items, and UL will respond according to your explanation.
Of course, the inspector's judgment is only temporary, and the final decision is of course in UL's laboratories. If the factory does not agree with the inspection method, it can fully reflect to the corresponding laboratory. At this time, the inspector is obliged to provide the corresponding contact person and contact method. After confirming that the content recorded in the change notice is correct, the factory representative shall sign the notice.
Seven, UL certification tracking inspection frequency:
UL has specific regulations on the frequency of follow-up inspections.
R class service under normal circumstances, for most R class factory, inspectors visited the frequency of four times per year, but does not rule out the possibility of a quarter twice, unless there are special instructions, the total can not exceed four times. If the product does not appear when tested in accordance with UL requirements and needs rework, UL inspectors will test additional time to confirm shipment of products has been reworked, and meet UL requirements.
For On-Call service, it is at least once a year.
QMFZ2, QMFZ3-Plastics (plastic) quarterly until all the UL laboratory required for follow-up inspection samples.
WPYR2-Special-Use Switches, see the following table:
Quarterly output UL quarter maximum inspections 0-25,000 1
25,000-100,000 2
100,000-250,000 3
250,000-500,000 4
500,000-750,000 6
750,000-1,000,000 10
1,000,000-1,250,000 11
1,250,000-2,500,000 12
2,500,000-20
There are many products, only the minimum number of inspections, such as labels, printed materials and other products, only once a year, up to no more than twice a year.
Class L service For Class L plants, the frequency of inspections is determined by the number of UL labels used (usually proportional to the product's output) and the complexity of the product. UL specifies the number of products that need to be tested at one time, and also sets the maximum number of inspections per quarter.
The lamp test once every 3200, an upper limit of 18 times per quarter, that is to say, even when the plant is greater than a quarter of the production of 3200 × 18 = 57,600 product, which is still 18 times the number of tests. For your product, you can contact the UL field representative responsible for your factory or contact us to obtain the quantity of products required for a test.
Special Inspection Services (SPI)
If you violate the "Tracking Inspection Agreement" signed with UL, you may be subject to UL's severe penalties, including special inspections of your factory.
VIII. Information to be submitted for UL certification:
Product application for the UL mark includes five steps:
1. The applicant submits a written application for the relevant company and product information: You should request in writing UL's inspection of your company's products.
Company Information: Provide detailed and accurate name, address, contact person, zip code, telephone and fax in the following languages.
(A) the applicant company: Company (b) proposed product testing application engineering services and is responsible for all expenses listed company name: UL listed companies published in the name of various products catalog company (c) production plant: product manufacturers and Producers.
Product Information: Product data should be provided in English. First, determine if your product is within the scope of UL testing. You can consult UL's offices in Guangzhou and Shanghai.
(a) Product Name: Provide the full name of the product.
(b) Product Model: List all product models, varieties or classification numbers that need to be tested.
(c) The intended use of the product: for example: homes, offices, factories, coal mines, ships, etc.
(d) Parts List: Details of the parts and models (classification number), rating, and manufacturer's name of the constituent products. For insulating materials, please provide the name of the raw material, for example: GE Polycarbonate, Lexan Type 104. When parts and components have obtained UL certification or recognition, please prove the specific model of the part and indicate its UL file number.
(e) Electrical properties: For electronic and electrical products. Provide electrical schematics (circuit diagrams), electrical performance table.
(f) Structure diagram: For most of the products, the product structure diagram or explosion map, ingredient list, etc. must be provided.
(g) Product photographs, instructions for use, safety, etc., or installation instructions.
UL is a shorthand for Underwriter Laboratories Inc. The UL Safety Test Institute is the most authoritative in the United States. It is also a large private institution engaged in safety testing and identification in the industry. It is an independent, non-profit professional organization that conducts tests for public safety. It adopts scientific test methods to study and determine the degree of harm and harm to life and property of various materials, devices, products, equipment, construction, etc.; determine, formulate and issue corresponding standards and help reduce and prevent life-threatening Loss of property information, while conducting fact-finding business. In short, it is mainly engaged in product safety certification and business security certification business, and its ultimate goal is to obtain products with a fairly high level of safety for the market, and to contribute to ensuring personal health and property safety. Regarding product safety certification as an effective means to eliminate technical barriers to international trade, UL also plays an active role in promoting the development of international trade.
UL was founded in 1894. In the initial stage, UL was relying on the fire insurance department to provide funds to maintain the movement. Until 1916, UL was completely independent. After nearly a hundred years of development, UL has become a world-renowned certification body. It has a complete set of organizational management systems, standards development and product certification procedures. UL is managed by a board composed of representatives of security experts, government officials, consumers, education, public utilities, insurance, and standards departments. The day-to-day work is handled by the president and vice president. Currently, UL has five laboratories in the United States and is headquartered in Northbrook, a town in northern Chicago. At the same time, UL has set up corresponding laboratories in Taiwan and Hong Kong.
Second, UL certification professional terms:
"AL" LISTING (multiple listed or approved)
AGENT (Acting)
APPEALS PROCEDURE (appeal procedure)
APPENDIX (attached page)
APPLICANT (applicant)
AUTHORIZATION PAGE (authorization page)
CATEGORY CONTROL NUMBER (Category Control Number)
COMPONENT (components)
CONDITION OF ACCEPTABILITY (applicable conditions)
CONTROL NUMBER (control number)
FACTORY IDENTIFICATION (Factory Identity)
FACTORY INSPECTION (factory inspection)
"AL" LISTING, CLASSIFICATION OR RECOGNITION (multiple listing or accreditation) applied by the applicant and authorised to apply for listing or accreditation service AGENT (agent) established in the name of the other party to the applicant (listed in the celebrity) Person's entrustment, individual or company engaged in activities with UL in the name of the applicant APPEALS PROCEDURE If the customer has different opinions on the results of the engineering test or follow-up inspection, it can discuss with the relevant engineer or field representative. And don't worry about jeopardizing later conclusions. If a satisfactory answer cannot be obtained at this level, the client can appeal to the higher level until the president.
Part of the APPENDIX (attached pages) specification, which includes the responsibilities of the factory and on-site representatives and the requirements for related tests. It may also describe tests performed on samples sent to UL.
APPLICANT (Applicant) A company or individual that applies to UL for testing of its parts, products, or systems. Legally, this party will be responsible for testing and tracking the cost of the service and have the right to all information related to the results of the test. See also agent.
AUTHORIZATION PAGE (archiving page) is archived on the first page of the inspection service factory inspection details to authorize the corresponding follow-up inspection service (L class or R class) and permitted certification mark CATEGORY CONTROL NUMBER (CCN) (category control number) UL Character representations for different product categories in column names, approvals, and classification services. Such as AVLV2 said electronic line; QOWZ said portable lamps. In general, XXXX is a listed product, XXXX2 is an approved product, XXXX7 is a listed product that meets Canadian standards, and XXXX8 is an approved product that meets Canadian standards.
Part of a COMPONENT product, in addition to participating in the testing of the entire product as part of a complete product, needs to individually test its performance and/or structure. Parts can be column names, approved or non-listed parts.
CONDITION OF ACCEPTABILITY These items are listed in the report of approved or non-listed parts, but are not used as inspection evidence for on-site representatives. These items are based on the results of the tests and indicate the limitations and conditions for the use of the part and the complete product. For example, in the report of a switch, it may be specified in the "applicable conditions" that the product is only suitable for currents below 1A or temperatures below 125C.
CONTROL NUMBER One of the four possible components of the UL Accreditation mark, specified by UL. Depending on the product category and the type of tracking service, the control number may change periodically.
FACTORY IDENTIFICATION An identification mark used by a manufacturer who produces the same product in different factories to distinguish between which factory a certain product was produced.
FACTORY INSPECTION (factory inspection)
Third, UL certification service project:
UL's product certification, testing services can be divided into categories, recognition and classification.
1) Listed (listed): In general, the column name is only applicable to the complete product and the various devices and devices that a qualified person can replace or install at the site. The various products that belong to UL Listed Services include: Household Appliances , Medical equipment, computers, commercial equipment, and various electrical products that function in buildings, such as distribution systems, fuses, wires, switches, and other electrical components. UL listed products are usually marked on each product with UL's listing. The use of column names.
2) Recognized: Recognized service is a project in UL service. The products it authenticates can only be used as components and raw materials in UL listing, grading, or other approved products. The approved product is not structurally complete or has certain limitations in its use to ensure that the desired safety performance is achieved. In most cases, the tracking service for approved products falls into category R. Approved products belonging to Class L include electronic wire (AVLV2), processed wire (ZKLU2), wire harness (ZPFW2), aluminum wire (DVVR2), and metal flexible tube (DXUZ2). Approved products require approval marks.
3) Classification: The classification service only evaluates specific hazards of the product, or evaluates products that perform other standards than the UL standard (including internationally recognized standards such as IEC and ISO standards, etc.). In general, most graded products are not consumer products but industrial or commercial products. The rating mark in the UL mark indicates that the product has certain restrictions and stipulated ranges when it is UL-approved. For example, chemical products such as industrially used solvents are evaluated only for the range of fires that may occur when the ignition temperature is reached. Some products have the same grading service and listed services, but generally only evaluate one or more aspects of the product. For example, in the United States, equipment such as medical X-ray diagnostic apparatus is required to comply with US laws and related radiation emission and beam nationwide. Flow accuracy is specified, but since UL only uses X-rays as a graded product, only its mechanical properties, electrical properties, and other non-radiative properties are evaluated.
4) Multiple listings, multiple accreditation or multiple rating services: When a UL applicant obtains the listed, accredited or graded service listed above, its products must be produced in the name of another company to meet the needs of sales, and may apply Multiple listings, multiple accreditation, or multiple rating services, in which case a listed, approved, or rated manufacturer is allowed to use the name of another company in the product list, except that the product is in addition to the company code, product code, or Other characteristics that UL Corporation considers acceptable, must be consistent with the original listed, approved or graded products.
5) "AL" listing, recognition or classification service: If the UL applicant does not wish to obtain listing, accreditation or rating services in the name of his company, he may apply for the name of another firm (usually a retailer or wholesaler). Application for listing, accreditation or rating is called "AL" listing, accreditation or rating service. It differs from multiple listings, multiple accreditation or multiple rating services in that its applicant is not a celebrity.
6) System Certification Services: As a member of the International Accreditation Board, UL has extensively involved in ISO9000 quality system certification, ISO14000 environmental protection certification, QS9000 automotive industry quality system certification and AS9000 aircraft industry quality system certification services. Up to now, 116 factories in China have obtained UL system certification; 21 of them are ISO9001 certified, 85 are ISO 9002 certified, 1 is ISO 14001 certified, and 9 are QS9000 certified.
7) UL's other services: certification services, inspection services, fact judgment services, research services, etc. I will not introduce it here.
Fourth, UL certification process:
Product application for the UL mark includes five steps:
1. The applicant submits a written application for the relevant company and product information: You should request in writing UL's inspection of your company's products. Company Information: Provide detailed and accurate name, address, contact person, zip code, telephone and fax in the following languages.
(a) Applying for a company: A company that submits a product inspection application and is responsible for the cost of all engineering services. (b) Listed companies: Companies listed under the names of various products listed by UL (c) Manufacturing plants: Manufacturers of products and Producers. Product Information: Product data should be provided in English. First determine whether your product belongs to the range of UL testing, consult with our company Hangzhou Ward.
(a) Product Name: Provide the full name of the product.
(b) Product model: List all product models, varieties or classification numbers that need to be tested.
(c) The intended use of the product: for example: homes, offices, factories, coal mines, ships, etc.
(d) Parts List: Details of the parts and models (classification number), rating, and manufacturer's name of the constituent products. For insulating materials, please provide the name of the raw material, for example: GE Polycarbonate, Lexan Type 104. When parts and components have obtained UL certification or recognition, please prove the specific model of the part and indicate its UL file number.
(e) Electrical properties: For electronic and electrical products. Provide electrical schematics (circuit diagrams), electrical performance table.
(f) Structure diagram: For most of the products, the product structure diagram or explosion map, ingredient list, etc. must be provided.
(g) Product photographs, instructions for use, safety, etc., or installation instructions.
2. The person makes a decision based on the supplied product information. When the product data is complete, UL's engineers make the following decisions based on the data: the UL standard on which the experiment is based, the test cost, test time, sample quantity, etc., and notify in writing. You and send the official application form and tracking service agreement to your company. The fee limit specified in the application form is the maximum engineering cost that UL has estimated based on the test item. Without your company's written authorization, the fee limit cannot be exceeded.
3. Apply for company remittance, return the application form, and sign the applicant's signature on the application form and tracking service agreement, and send the form back to UL. At the same time, send the sample via postal bank transfer at the post office or by express delivery. Please give appropriate instructions (such as name and model) for samples submitted. Application forms and samples should be sent separately. For each application, UL will assign a unique project number (Project No.) to indicate the project number and apply for the company's name when remittances, samples, and application forms, so as to facilitate UL inspection.
4. After the product test has received your company's signed application form, remittance, and experimental sample, UL will inform you when the experimental plan is completed. Product testing is generally conducted in UL laboratories in the United States. UL also accepts audited third-party testing data. Experimental samples will be returned or destroyed according to your requirements. If the product test result meets the requirements of the UL standard, UL will issue a Follow Up Service Proccdure test report detailing the test conditions, the samples achieved, the product structure, and the safety signs appropriate for the use of the product. The tracking service specification includes a description of the product and guidance for UL regional inspectors. A copy of the test report is sent to the applicant company, and a copy of the tracking service details is sent to each production facility.
5. The applicant is authorized to use the UL mark. The UL regional inspector in China contacts the production plant for the Initial Production Inspection (IPI). The inspector checks the status of your product and its components in the production line and warehouse. In order to confirm whether the product structure and parts are consistent with the details of the tracking service, if required by the rules, the regional inspectors will also conduct eyewitness experiments. When the inspection results meet the requirements, the applicant is authorized to use the UL mark. Following the IPI, the inspector will visit the factory from time to time to inspect the product structure and conduct eye-catching experiments. The frequency of the inspection is determined by the type of product and the amount of production. Most types of products are inspected at least four times a year. The inspectors' inspection is to Make sure that the product continues to be consistent with UL requirements. Before you plan to change the product structure or components, please notify UL. For minor changes, you do not need to repeat any experiment. UL can quickly modify the tracking service rules so that the inspectors can accept This change. When UL believes that product changes affect its safety performance, it is necessary to request the company to re-submit the samples for necessary testing. The cost of the tracking service is not included in the test fee, and UL will send you an additional invoice for the follow-up inspection service. If the product test results do not meet the UL standard requirements, UL will notify the applicant to explain the existing problems. After the applicant has improved the product design, the product can be re-inspected. You should tell the UL engineer what improvements the product has made so that the decision can be made. Is the procedure for applying for UL certification.
V. UL certification tracking inspection:
As an organic part of UL certification, UL has established a "tracking inspection" system in order to ensure that UL's listing and approved products continue to meet UL's standards and requirements. "Tracking Inspection" is the dispatch of UL's on-site representatives distributed around the world to local factory production sites to perform UL inspections. Its purpose is to check the production process, inspection process and products of the factory against UL's standards and follow-up inspection rules to ensure that the manufacturer's production process, inspection process and products are always in line with UL's requirements.
The basis for follow-up inspection In order to ensure the implementation of UL's "track-and-check" system, UL has signed a "tracking inspection agreement" with the manufacturer. According to the requirements of the "tracking inspection agreement," on-site representatives will be regular, non-preliminary. The factory shall be inspected at the notice, and the factory shall not refuse inspection of the on-site representative for no reason. After the on-site representative arrives at the factory, inspections are mainly conducted according to the "Tracking Inspection Rules." The “Tracking Inspection Rules†was prepared by the UL Engineering Department after testing the submitted samples. This document includes a full description of the product and also includes photographs and instructions. It also stipulates various tests that manufacturing plants often do during production, some of which require 100% of the product, such as pressure tests. Some tests can be carried out by sampling. At the same time, the test items that the on-site representative must check at the factory site inspection are also specified. The on-site representative judges whether the test results are in accordance with the detailed data and regulations of such tests.
Follow-up Inspection Products Classification UL's follow-up inspections are divided into R and L categories. The L-services are mainly used for products related to life safety, such as fire extinguishers, smoke detectors, fire doors and some relatively large-volume products such as electrical equipment, wires and circuit breakers. For products belonging to category L, the manufacturer must directly attach the UL ordering label to the product. R-services are mainly used in electrical equipment such as fans, televisions, hair dryers, ovens and other products that are usually produced with corresponding lines.
Sixth, UL certification inspection rules:
Inspection by a UL inspector is basically a mechanical job. Depending on the product, the inspector's inspections are based on Bulletin, Procedure, FUII (if any, included in the Bylaws), and UL Standards (if required by FUII).
If the inspector visits the factory and the factory is producing UL products or UL products with inventory, the inspector will take samples in one of the following ways:
1. Extract each part from the production line plus a complete product from the warehouse.
2. Extract each part from the warehouse plus the complete product on the production line.
3. Extract the complete product from the warehouse for splitting.
The exact amount of sampling depends on the specification, FUII (Tracking Inspection Indication), SAP (Standard Attachment) or direct orders from UL Laboratories. Inspectors do not necessarily test all products for each inspection, but they will try to check all product categories or models within a year or at least two years.
In general, UL's requirements for factory production systems are not too high. They only require that the instruments and equipment be measured once a year, that the factory's own inspection records be kept, and that there be certain control measures for defective products. During the inspection, the on-site representative (UL inspector) will focus on the product itself, and they will check the structure, parts and assembly of the product on a case-by-case basis. For parts related to product safety, the general rules will specify the requirements for UL certified products, and will specify the manufacturer and model; for the shell, shields and other injection molded parts, the general rules will specify the raw materials and size requirements. The on-site representative will check the UL mark specified in the above items and the detailed rules.
In addition, if the product or the FUII or the standard requires the product to be tested in the field, the on-site representative will ask the factory inspector to do the corresponding tests, and the on-site representative will be witnessed next to it. If the specification also requires sending sample to UL for follow-up testing, the factory shall cooperate with the inspector to make corresponding samples. After the inspector has written the sample tag, provided the address and sealed the sample, the factory sends it to the corresponding UL laboratory.
If the plant the products fully meet the requirements of the appropriate test standard UL, and no other place in violation of tracking service agreement, the inspector will issue tracking test report (Inspection Report); factory representatives after confirming the contents of the report should be accurate Signature; a test is completed. If there is any inconsistency with the inspection standard during the inspection process, the inspector will issue a Variation Notice and take corresponding measures according to the specific circumstances.
For UL products using unlicensed products, the inspector will request the removal of the UL mark; for products that do not meet UL requirements, the inspector will request the factory to remove the UL mark or rework to meet the requirements; if the factory disagrees with the above treatment, Temporarily retain the UL mark, but must stop shipping, the inspector will inform the appropriate laboratory, and the UL will reply to decide whether to retain the UL mark; if only a few minor problems do not affect the product's safety, The inspector will make an interim acceptance decision and report it to the appropriate laboratory; if there are some obvious standard errors, such as typos or unit errors, it will not affect the eligibility of the factory products, but as UL's document processing, Inspectors will also issue change notices. Under normal circumstances, unless it is the responsibility of the UL company, the inspector will ask the factory to explain to the corresponding laboratory the non-conforming items, and UL will respond according to your explanation.
Of course, the inspector's judgment is only temporary, and the final decision is of course in UL's laboratories. If the factory does not agree with the inspection method, it can fully reflect to the corresponding laboratory. At this time, the inspector is obliged to provide the corresponding contact person and contact method. After confirming that the content recorded in the change notice is correct, the factory representative shall sign the notice.
Seven, UL certification tracking inspection frequency:
UL has specific regulations on the frequency of follow-up inspections.
R class service under normal circumstances, for most R class factory, inspectors visited the frequency of four times per year, but does not rule out the possibility of a quarter twice, unless there are special instructions, the total can not exceed four times. If the product does not appear when tested in accordance with UL requirements and needs rework, UL inspectors will test additional time to confirm shipment of products has been reworked, and meet UL requirements.
For On-Call service, it is at least once a year.
QMFZ2, QMFZ3-Plastics (plastic) quarterly until all the UL laboratory required for follow-up inspection samples.
WPYR2-Special-Use Switches, see the following table:
Quarterly output UL quarter maximum inspections 0-25,000 1
25,000-100,000 2
100,000-250,000 3
250,000-500,000 4
500,000-750,000 6
750,000-1,000,000 10
1,000,000-1,250,000 11
1,250,000-2,500,000 12
2,500,000-20
There are many products, only the minimum number of inspections, such as labels, printed materials and other products, only once a year, up to no more than twice a year.
Class L service For Class L plants, the frequency of inspections is determined by the number of UL labels used (usually proportional to the product's output) and the complexity of the product. UL specifies the number of products that need to be tested at one time, and also sets the maximum number of inspections per quarter.
The lamp test once every 3200, an upper limit of 18 times per quarter, that is to say, even when the plant is greater than a quarter of the production of 3200 × 18 = 57,600 product, which is still 18 times the number of tests. For your product, you can contact the UL field representative responsible for your factory or contact us to obtain the quantity of products required for a test.
Special Inspection Services (SPI)
If you violate the "Tracking Inspection Agreement" signed with UL, you may be subject to UL's severe penalties, including special inspections of your factory.
VIII. Information to be submitted for UL certification:
Product application for the UL mark includes five steps:
1. The applicant submits a written application for the relevant company and product information: You should request in writing UL's inspection of your company's products.
Company Information: Provide detailed and accurate name, address, contact person, zip code, telephone and fax in the following languages.
(A) the applicant company: Company (b) proposed product testing application engineering services and is responsible for all expenses listed company name: UL listed companies published in the name of various products catalog company (c) production plant: product manufacturers and Producers.
Product Information: Product data should be provided in English. First, determine if your product is within the scope of UL testing. You can consult UL's offices in Guangzhou and Shanghai.
(a) Product Name: Provide the full name of the product.
(b) Product Model: List all product models, varieties or classification numbers that need to be tested.
(c) The intended use of the product: for example: homes, offices, factories, coal mines, ships, etc.
(d) Parts List: Details of the parts and models (classification number), rating, and manufacturer's name of the constituent products. For insulating materials, please provide the name of the raw material, for example: GE Polycarbonate, Lexan Type 104. When parts and components have obtained UL certification or recognition, please prove the specific model of the part and indicate its UL file number.
(e) Electrical properties: For electronic and electrical products. Provide electrical schematics (circuit diagrams), electrical performance table.
(f) Structure diagram: For most of the products, the product structure diagram or explosion map, ingredient list, etc. must be provided.
(g) Product photographs, instructions for use, safety, etc., or installation instructions.
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